Breast cancer is cancer that originates in the breast. There are two types of breast cancer, Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC) which originates in the ducts and Invasive Lobular Carcinoma (ILC) which originates in the milk producing glands. Most of the time breast cancer is detected via an x-ray or a lump that can be felt during a self-exam. Depending on which type of breast cancer is present, there are a wide variety of symptoms.
Below are several common breast cancer symptoms to be watchful for:
1. Lump or mass in breast
One of the most common recognized symptoms of breast cancer is a mass or lump in the breast tissue. It’s wise to do self-exams often to check for changes in your breast. It is also recommended that women 40 and over have a mammogram annually. A mammogram is an x-ray of the breast with the goal of early detection. If you notice a lump at any time during a self exam you should bring it to your Doctor’s attention no matter how old you are.
2. Breast swelling
Breast swelling is when the breast becomes enlarged and painful. It is common for breasts to swell because of hormonal changes which cause estrogen levels to rise. However, it is also a very common breast cancer symptom. It’s important to monitor symptoms and have your Doctor evaluate anything that is out of the normal.
3. Breast or nipple pain
Breast or nipple pain is another common symptom of breast cancer. It can also be caused by benign conditions as well. If you experience consistent breast or nipple pain it’s important to tell your Doctor.
4. Redness or discoloration
Another common sign of breast cancer is change in the color of your skin. The skin on your breast may appear discolored, red or even look bruised. If you have not had a recent injury and have no other reason for your skin to be discolored, then it is wise to err on the side of caution and consult your doctor.
5. Nipple discharge other than milk
Nipple discharge can be an early sign of breast cancer. Nipple discharge that comes out without any squeezing and is clear or bloody is cause to be concerned. Also if discharged is coming from just one area of the nipple versus multiple areas at once this could be a sign of breast cancer. It’s important to have your doctor examine your breast if there is abnormal nipple discharge.
6. Gene mutations
Some forms of breast cancer are thought to be hereditary, associated with mutations in two genes. These genes are BRCA 1 (Breast Cancer Gene One) and BRCA 2 (Breast Cancer Gene Two). Everyone carries both of these BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 genes however these genes can carry mutations that are passed down from generation to generation which threaten the breasts and ovaries. Often if you are diagnosed with breast cancer and have a BRCA 1 or BRCA 2 mutation there is some family history of breast cancer or ovarian cancer. It is very important to watch for the symptoms above, maintain a healthy lifestyle, and get proper screening done.